TIG welding was first invented in America ( USA ) in 1936, know as Argon arc welding. TIG allows top-quality welded joints to be produced with inert gas supports clean welding result. This welding method is and all-purpose welding procedure with regard to material used, wall thickness and welding positions.

The advantages of this welding method is producing hardly any spatter and few pollutants while also guaranteeing a high-grade welded joint if used properly. The feeding of welding consumable and the current are not interlinked, so this makes TIG suitable for welding root passes and positional welding.

However, TIG welding needs a well trained welder to use it with skilled hand and knowledge of the correct application of voltage and amperage. Those will support the clean and best of TIG welding result. And i think these are the point of TIG welding disadvantages.

As you can see on that picture, after you pressed the torch’s switch the gas begins to flow. And when the tip of the torch touches the surface of metal, a short circuit occurs. owing to the high current density at the torch’s tip, the metal starts vaporising at the point of contact and the arc ignites, of course covered by the shielding gas.

SETTING THE GAS PRESSURES / FLOWS

The gas flow rate is in l/min and it depends on the size of the weld pool, the electrode diameter, the gas nozzle diameter, the nozzle distance to the metal surface, the surrounding air flow and the type of shielding gas

A simple rules that 5 to 10 litres of shielding gas should be added to argon as the shielding gas and to the most widely used tungsten electrode diameters, at a rate of 1 to 4 mm per minute.

TORCH POSITION

As in MIG Welding, the position of the torch when you use the TIG Welding method is also very important. The position of the torch and the electrode rod will affect different welding results.

The Electrode itself is also a welding consumables used during TIG welding. Welding consumables are usually selected in the same way as the type of metal. However, for metallurgical reasons, it is necessary for the welding consumables to deviate from the parent metal when certain alloying elements are used.

Back to the point of torch position. You can apply different position of TIG torch and the electrode rod while welding various metal joint. So the torch position depends the type of metal joints. I mean there are 4 basic metal joints such as :

• T- Joint
• Corner Joint
• Butt Joint
• Lap Joint

You can apply some of these torch positions to the works that you want to complete. And when you are familiar with the various metal joints welding torch positions, then you can learn about welding parameters.

WELDING PARAMETERS

When selecting the welding parameters, it must be noted that only the current is set on the welding machine. The voltage is determined by the arc length, which is maintained by the welder.

Therefore, the greater arc length needs the higher arc voltage. A welding current of 45 amperages per mm of the metal thickness is used as the reference value for a current sufficient for welding steel to get fully penetration.